Case Studies

Real employment tribunal decisions, explained in plain English for employees. Each case sets out what happened, what the tribunal found, and what it means for you.

234 case studies
Employee-favourable 2026

You can be entitled to redundancy pay from an agreement you’ve never seen.

If your contract points to an old agreement with a union or staff association, you can be entitled to redundancy terms set out in a document you have never seen, even years after it was signed.

Employee-favourable 2026

Following a policy to the letter is not the same as making a fair decision.

If a health condition was raised during a disciplinary or dismissal process, your employer was obliged to genuinely consider it. Following the steps of a policy is not the same as making a fair decision.

Employee-favourable 2026

A meeting isn’t consultation if the decision was already made before you walked in.

If your employer presents a change to your role as open for discussion but the decision was already made beforehand, that is not real consultation. Tribunals look at what actually happened, not what the meeting was called.

Mixed 2026

A strong discrimination claim can still fail if you wait too long

You can be completely right about what your employer did wrong and still lose your claim, because discrimination claims usually have to be brought within three months, minus early conciliation time.

Employee-favourable 2026

Going unpaid for months can be enough on its own to justify resigning

Going unpaid for a sustained period can be a fundamental breach of your contract, entitling you to resign and claim constructive dismissal, and you can still recover the wages you were owed on top of that.

Employee-favourable 2026

Being left unsupported and mocked for your age can justify resigning and winning.

If your employer leaves you unsupported and then blames or belittles you when things go wrong, that can be enough to resign and win a constructive dismissal claim. It's even clearer if they throw in comments about your age.

Employee-favourable 2026

If they sideline you first, a misconduct dismissal that follows may not be genuine

What matters here isn't the label your employer puts on your dismissal. It's whether they investigated properly and gave you a real chance to respond first. Skip that, and the dismissal is very likely unfair, whatever they called it.

Employee-favourable 2026

Reporting you to your regulator after you complain can be illegal retaliation

If your employer threatens to report you to your professional regulator after you've raised a complaint, that can be unlawful victimisation.

Employee-favourable 2026

Your employer going into administration doesn’t erase your right to redundancy consultation.

A protective award of up to 90 days' pay is what you're owed if your employer skips collective consultation before making 20 or more of you redundant at the same workplace within 90 days. That still applies even once the company has gone into administration.

Employee-favourable 2026

What you call your arrangement does not change what it actually is.

The label on your working arrangement does not determine your legal status. What matters is how the arrangement actually operates in practice.

Mixed 2025

If your employer investigates you for raising a concern, that alone can be illegal.

An investigation that starts right after you raise a concern can be unlawful in its own right. That is true even if you are later fairly dismissed for genuine misconduct.